Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a naturally occurring bile acid that is used in the treatment of liver diseases such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). It works by reducing the amount of cholesterol produced by the liver and by helping to dissolve and prevent the formation of gallstones. UDCA has also shown promise in treating other conditions such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and certain types of liver cancer. Research on UDCA continues to explore its potential benefits and applications in various liver-related disorders.